CDC Links Royal Caribbean Ship Hot Tubs to Outbreaks of Legionnaires’ Disease

In recent years, awareness of health risks on cruises, particularly from contagious illnesses, has increased among the public. A lesser-known concern, however, revolves around the private hot tubs found on balconies of newer ships, which may pose health hazards due to the potential growth of Legionella bacteria.

The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) has been proactive in informing cruise lines about the risks associated with these hot tubs. Unlike infections spread through close contact, Legionella bacteria can be inhaled through contaminated water droplets, leading to Legionnaires’ disease, a severe form of pneumonia.

Although cases of Legionnaires’ disease among cruise passengers are statistically low, the rise of private hot tubs raises a unique concern. These tubs often experience less frequent cleaning and maintenance compared to public ones, creating a breeding ground for bacteria.

Recently, Royal Caribbean International (RCI) issued health warnings to passengers aboard the Symphony of the Seas after reports of guests being diagnosed with Legionnaires’ disease. The CDC informed RCI of a case involving a guest from the ship, although the exposure site remains uncertain. Earlier in the year, notifications were sent regarding two other passengers who fell ill after voyaging on the same ship.

This issue isn’t isolated to Symphony of the Seas; in October 2024, the CDC reported a dozen Legionnaires’ cases from travelers on different cruise ships, all linked to the use of private balcony hot tubs. While public hot tubs are held to rigorous cleaning standards, private tubs lack consistent upkeep, heightening infection risks.

To mitigate these dangers, the CDC continues to collaborate with RCI to address design and operational features that might facilitate Legionella growth and to advocate for improved maintenance protocols.

In response, Royal Caribbean has pledged to enhance sanitation measures onboard, ensuring compliance with all CDC guidelines. The cruise line underscores its commitment to the health of passengers and crew, noting that while most individuals exposed to Legionella may not develop illness, vulnerable populations are at greater risk, including older adults, smokers, and those with underlying health conditions.

Guests are encouraged to remain vigilant for signs of illness such as coughing, fever, muscle aches, headaches, or shortness of breath, and to consult healthcare professionals if such symptoms arise.

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